Faces of Uzbekistan

It is impossible to describe an Uzbek face: Eyes a bit slanted . . . no, round. Fair skin . . . no, café-au-lait colored . . . no swarthy. Their features and skin color are extremely varied because they are such an ancient collection of people from all over the Old World. People who came here to trade on the Silk Road, or skilled laborers, academics, scientists and artists who were brought here by force to do the bidding of an emperor or emir. Turks, Arabs, Greeks, Tajiks, Eastern Asians, Persians, so many ethnicities can be seen here. I wanted to share a few of my recent photos to show you how beautiful or how handsome and how varied Uzbek people can be:

Three Women from Samarkand

Three Women from Samarkand

A Tajik Man from a Village in the Nurata Mountains

A Tajik Man from the Nurata Mountains

A Spice Seller from Bukhara

A Spice Seller from Bukhara

Camilla, A Village Girl

Camilla, A Tajik Village Girl

Camilla's Friends from the Same Village

Camilla’s Friends from the Same Village

A Turkmen Girl in Khiva

A Turkmen Girl in Khiva

An Old Man Selling Chekish in Bukhara

An Old Man Selling Chekish in Bukhara

Woman Resting in Samarkand

Woman Resting in Samarkand

The Silk Road is alive and well in Uzbekistan. Long after the caravans have gone and many of the monuments have turned to dust, it continues to leave its mark on the faces of the people.

(All words and photos by Laura Kelley)

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Left Stronger

These are songs from a great new local band called Left Stronger I wanted to turn you on to. They have a great alt-pop sound and personal, meaningful songs. My daughter thinks that the lead singer’s voice gives the band a country-crossover sound and they also have a hard-edge on some of their older songs. I think they are unique, but if I had to compare them to existing bands I would say throw Nickleback, Creed, and Switchfoot into a saucepan, stir well and you have Left Stronger.

leftstronger_banner_4_25_13 - small

They are just emerging from our sleepy little town and regularly playing gigs in Baltimore and DC. Give ‘em a listen and if you like them, spread the word. The rest of their catalog – including their debut album, “So Close” is available on Amazon.com and iTunes, and you can check them out on the web as well.

They are currently working on a new album slated with an early 2014 release.

(Words by Laura Kelley; Photo of Left Stronger by Ted King)

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Stamp Collecting – Sumerian Style

I’ve spent most of the day playing with 5000 year old toys.  To be specific, I’ve been trying to roll out, on clay, decent impressions from a few Sumerian stamps and seals that have been given to me by my wonderful husband.  Its not as easy as it may seem to roll out the seals and get a quality impression, the clay sometimes sticks to the seal or the impression isn’t straight.  These issues aside, the seals and stamps are from ancient Mesopotamia, or so say the certificates of authenticity that accompanied them.  All three are made up of steatite or soapstone, which is a common material for older seals and stamps as well as for those in everyday use.  The first stamp is really a stamp-seal and depicts a crested bird:

Sumerian Seal with Crested Bird

Sumerian Seal with Crested Bird

It appears to be a large crested bird with wings aloft, either in flight or trying to get airborne. Without formal explanation to go on, its long legs and large feet make me think it is a depiction of a water bird. I imagine it to be a heron or a crane, possibly a denizen of the great marshes that lay just below the ancient southern cities.

The second stamp is of a goat with curved horns like an ibex, or possibly a large antelope:

Sumerian Seal with Goat or Ibex

Sumerian Seal with Goat or Antelope with Curved Horns

The ibex is the most often depicted on stamps and seals, but an Oryx is not out of the question either. That said, the curviness of the horns makes me think it is an ibex.

Early depictions of the ibex on Sumerian pottery date back to 5000 BCE and portray the animal’s horns or tail as branched, symbolizing the tree of life. At this point, the ibex was also associated with the moon and is sometimes seen with a small lunar disk embedded between its horns. So, in its early symbolism, the ibex is associated with life and fertility.

Sumerian Ibex Constellation

Sumerian Ibex Constellation

Roughly around 3800 BCE, many of the ibex are shown as being attacked by lions or leopards. Some scholars point out that at around this time, the symbolism of the ibex is changing. It is becoming disassociated with life and fertility in favor of the bull taking on those roles, and more closely associated with the ancient winter ibex constellation made up of stars now in Capricorn, Aquarius, and Pegasus. In representational art as in the heavens, we see the celestial winter ibex killed by the summer lion. By about 2500 BCE, the ibex is often portrayed as a sacrifice presented to priests. Quite a transition from life, the universe and everything else to a winter star.

The cylinder seal shows people flanking a plant or a tree when rolled out:

Sumerian Seal with People Flanking a Plant or Tree

Sumerian Seal with People Flanking a Plant or Tree

Sometimes a plant that is shaped like this is simply a generic plant, used to denote greenery or a wild setting with animals nearby, or it could be used as a design element to depict the ends of a seal. Other times, an abstract branching plant such as the one on our seal is taken to mean barley. Because the people are flanking the central plant and doing something to it – possibly harvesting – I have a tendency to interpret the plant as barley. In the table below, one can see how the Sumerian symbol for barley evolved over time from something like the abstract depiction on our seal – to an identifiably cuneiform set of “wedges”.

Evolution of the Sumerian Symbol for Barley

Evolution of the Sumerian Symbol for Barley

We are unsure of the precise meaning of the abstract element between the people, but wedges denoting the number three are on top (three “one” wedges) and wedges denoting the number two are on the bottom (two “one” wedges). This could be depicting that three lots of barley are on top and two on the bottom, or it could have some other sort of meaning – it is unclear at this time.

The second and last seal is really a stamp-seal with the heron or crane discussed above on the bottom. When rolled in clay, it depicts a man chasing and either catching or hunting an antelope or goat:

Sumerian Seal with a Man Catching or Hunting an Antelope or Goat

Sumerian Seal with a Man Catching or Hunting an Antelope or Goat

This seal was the most difficult to get a clear impression out of because of its slightly flared shape.  In this case, I think the plant elements are design borders to indicate a rural or wild environment.  Perhaps it was the seal of a hunter or game wrangler or perhaps it depicts game being beaten out of the wood for a royal hunt?  It is also unclear at present.

Its interesting to have and examine little bits of work-a-day history from so long ago, close at hand.  Actually having a few artifacts within arm’s reach allows for a stronger connection to the past.  I find them in this Tradescant of a house, touch them and wonder who might have owned them and what use they were put to.

I’ll try to get better impressions.  The ones made by museums are very detailed.  Part of this is the level of craftsmanship on the seals, but part of the may be the make up of the clay used – as well as the ability of the person doing the impression!  Different materials could yield better results.

If I learn anything more about them, I’ll be sure to let you know.  (Words and photos of stamp and seal impressions by Laura Kelley; Illustration of the evolution of the symbol for barley borrowed from the site Ancient Scripts).

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Wishing Upon a Star: East Coast Meteor 3-22-2013

Fireball similar to the 3-22-2013 Meteor

Fireball similar to the 3-22-2013 Meteor

I was one of the lucky folk from Southern New Hampshire to Northern N. Carolina who saw the large fireball that streaked above the East Coast of the US on Friday night the twenty-second of March. I’ve seen the aurora borealis from my home twice in my life and the meteor 3-22-2013 trumped the aurora and then some. It was huge, brighter than the moon creating a significant tail as it fell from west to east. It was green in the center surrounded by red and pink and then a creamy white around the outside. The tail faded to bright white as it passed. The photo above is of another meteor that generally resembled the one I saw. However, the meteor I sighted seemed larger and more colorful and the shape was more “comety” with a large core and a shorter tail.

When I saw it, language vanished and I made soft, high-pitched, hooting sounds – sort of like a chimpanzee alarm call. Fantastic how intellect completely failed and was replaced by a primitive warning cry. My husband, said, “What? What?” to try to figure out what was happening and all I could do was point. It had passed below the tree line before I said, “Shooting star. . . Huge.” For those who haven’t seen footage of it, this YouTube video taken on the DC Beltway and footage from a security cam of a car dealership in Salisbury, Maryland give ideas about the size and brightness of the object.

http://youtu.be/dZfdEWG2FQU?t=20s

____________

From my vantage point, it seemed a heck of a lot closer and I could really see distinct colors and a long tail. The American Meteor Society calculated its probable trajectory and predicted that it landed or disintegrated above the Atlantic Ocean off of New Jersey (what exit?) somewhere. The Washington Post also quoted unnamed “scientists,” who estimated the object producing the fireball to be the size of a washing machine.

From my own Internet research, I learned that the green color of this fireball may have been due to a high copper content of the core, with the red and pink shimmer caused by some sort of silicate. A very cool factoid I also learned is that fireball sightings increase by 10-30% around the weeks of the vernal equinox, but no one really knows why this happens. I think that they are heavenly fireworks to welcome the return of Spring.

It was a fantastic event that I’m grateful for having witnessed. I made a wish, before I spoke to my husband. Interesting that I wished before I spoke. Interesting that we, as humans, wish on falling celestial objects at all. I wonder if other animal species do? . . . If you had witnessed this, what would you have wished for? (Words by Laura Kelley; Videos from YouTube and Facebook; Photo of Fireball Similar to the 3-22-2013 Meteor from Space.com).

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Magical Medicine: An Ancient Description of Rabies

This is an incantation against rabies from the Old Babylonian Period (1900-1500 BCE) that is interesting for several reasons. Firstly, it breathes life back into an ancient language – Akkadian – and puts down a marker for pronunciation and rhythm of words for scholars to debate and decide on. The reason I’m writing about it here is that I think this incantation also provides insight into ancient Mesopotamian knowledge of disease transmission. As such, I think it may be the earliest text illustrating knowledge of communicable disease. The translation of the text (LB 2001) reads:

Long-kneed,
Swift-running,
Short of victuals,
Lacking in food.
In his teeth
He carries his semen.
Wherever he has bitten
He leaves his offspring.

The text describes the gaunt or starved look that many animals with end-stage rabies develop, as well as the staggering or lopsided gait that they often display. The apparent quick course of the disease after the appearance of symptoms is described in the, “swift-running” line. Foaming at the mouth is described in the reference to semen in the teeth. Importantly, the association of semen and offspring drive home the idea that the ancient Mesopotamians knew that rabies was communicable between animals, and that transmission usually occurred during a bite. These symptomatic descriptions are also found in other Late Babylonian texts as well, most notably in VAT 8355, A704, rev., and AUAM 73 2416.

Death from a dog bite is described in the Codex Eshnunna which were laws written in roughly the same region at a slightly earlier time (1930 BCE), but no medical or health details are given in the codex description. It simply describes the penalty (a fine of silver) imposed on owners of dogs that bite and cause death to a human. The Codex is often called the earliest reference to rabies, but this is not substantiated in the text, which reads:

If a dog (was) vicious and the ward (authorities) have had (it)
made known to its owner, but he did not guard his dog and it
bit a man and caused (him) to die – the owner of the dog 2/3 a
mina of silver shall (he) weigh out.

If the dog bit a slave and caused the slave to die, the penalty was decreased to 15 shekels.  In Ur-Nammu (2047-2030 BCE) a mina was the equivalent of approximately 50-60 shekels, or .571 kilograms of silver, so this was a significant penalty.

I do not think that this text describes rabies, because no description of disease symptoms are offered.  Additionally, there is the statement that the owner is aware of the dog’s viciousness, has been told by the state to restrain it, and has failed to do so.  Once the prodromal phase of rabies manifests, death can be swift and usually follows in only a handful of days. It is unlikely, in this short period of time, that the state would pass a judgement over the disposition of the animal.

Late Babylonian Gula-Associated Dog

Neo-Babylonian Gula-Associated Dog

Instead, I think the Eshnunna text refers to a generally vicious (not rabid) dog, and that the person bitten may perish from his or her wound or related blood loss, or more likely that the wound becomes infected by microorganisms from the environment (not rabies virus) and that a systemic infection is the cause of death.

Incantations were usually employed for only the most dangerous illnesses: diseases where there was no chance of the illness passing of its own accord, or where there was no medicine known to cure the disease.  In later neo-Babylonian and neo-Assyrian texts there are references to treatments involving magic water or blessing water gathered from a particular site that are then sprinkled on the patient as other incantations are recited. However, in VS 10, 193 there is the acknowledgement that there is nothing that the healer can do for the patient with rabies:

” . . . for a man whom . . . a rabid dog attacks, and to whom it passes its venom,
I do not know what I shall do for that man.”

Interestingly, beyond the bite of an infected animal, ancient Mesopotamians were not aware of its cause.  Although the concept of semen (seed) is used in the texts, this is not evidence of any sort of germ-theory of disease. Instead, solar eclipses – particularly in the twelveth month – were said to cause rabies outbreaks. Images and statuary of rabid dogs were worshipped as disease demons and were said to be under the control of Ea and Asarluhi, healing gods. The healing goddess, Gula, is also associated with a dog, although this dog is usually not seen as disturbed or rabid (as the dog depicted here seems to be). Additionally, ancient Mesopotamians used amulets and figurines of dogs to protect people and property from many things, including disease.

Rabies is our oldest, clearly described communicable disease, but it also remains a major problem in the developing world today. More than 55,000 people die from rabies each year, with most of these deaths taking place in Asia or Africa. It is also likely that rabies-deaths are under-reported becasue the paralytic form of the disease is misdiagnosed. So, despite the changes in world since the inscription of this incantation, mankind’s oldest known scourge is still with us, and for the time being, it is still going strong.

(Words by Laura Kelley; Sound File of Incantation Against Rabies from London SOAS website; Photo of Late Babylonian Gula-Associated Dog from the British Musuem (AN320071001); Papers by Veldhuis, Wu and Siegrist consulted.)

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Bioterrorism in the US Before the Dalles

Could bioterrorism events be a lot more frequent than we realize and we just don’t recognize most of them when they happen?

A provocative question, indeed.

I don’t know how to answer the first question. But I do know that there are historical cases of bioterrorism that have never been recognized. One such historical event occurred in the United States and predates the Rajneeshee attacks in the Dalles by almost two decades.

In late May and early June 1965, an epidemic of gastroenteritis affected more than 16,000 people in and near the city of Riverside, California. A task force of local, state and federal experts studying the outbreak concluded that the offending organism, Salmonella typhimurium, was transmitted through the city water system.*

Modern Riverside Skyline

Modern Riverside Skyline

Now, Salmonella typhimurium is a natural pathogen of all warm-blooded animals and has also been isolated in reptiles. In humans it is a common source of food poisoning which causes diarrhea, abdominal cramps, fever and headaches. Until the epidemic in Riverside it was generally not recognized by U.S. public health authorities to cause waterborne disease, except in a few are instances.

Because Salmonella typhimurium is a common foodborne pathogen, the outbreak at first seemed like a natural event in what was a semi-agricultural area at the time. Initially a powdered milk product that had recently been introduced in the area was suspected as the cause of the illnesses, but extensive studies and analysis during and after the event all suggest that the release was a deliberate one.

Salmonella typhimurium

Salmonella typhimurium

Epidemiologists performed interviews with the ill and their contacts, and engineers and hydrologists did multiple smapling of wells and tracer studies on the city water system and regional wells and found several interesting things. In some areas the bacterial load was extremely high, most of the contamination could be traced back to one or two points in the water system and (here’s the clincher) the cultures were all uniform – serologic type B, phage type II – not the wide range of organisms one would expect to see caused by natural agricultural-runoff event.

At the time, foul play was suspected by some of the investigators, but extensive analysis found no terrorist or motive and ultimately there was not enough evidence to open a criminal case. Although the FBI participated in the studies in the aftermath of the event, it has no FOIA-able files to help shed light on the event (I’ve checked). All there are is a handful of historical scientific publications, and possibly some records in the California State Public Health Archives.

Historical cases of bioterrorism are important to study because they may be instructive about the criteria we need to use to identify natural or accidental events from deliberate ones. The Riverside case is important, not only because it pushes the date of mass bioterrorism in the United States back 20 years from the Dalles event, but because it the same organism was used in both attacks. This could be sheer coincidence, or it could be that the Riverside event was used by the Rajneeshee planners of the Dalles attack. I have to admit that based on existing testimony about the Dalles event, it seems like a coincidence, but in retrospect, it is a question that is important to ask.

There are other historical cases of what I believe to be unrecognized bioterrorism in the public health literature. Most of these cases involve foodborne pathogens or produce disease states that are presumed to be natural occurrences. IMHO, a study should be made of these cases to see if they can inform our current preparedness activities and to reveal things we may have missed that were hidden in plain sight. (Words by Laura Kelley).

* We would now call this Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. 1965 classification designations used throughout.

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Thought for the Day . . .

Dove on Minaret, Kashgar, China

Dove on Minaret, Kashgar

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A Treatment for Ebola?

Doctors with Ebola Patient

Doctors with Ebola Patient

I woke up this morning in a sort of waking dream that took me back a few years. It was around 2003-2004 and I was at my desk plowing through African hemorrhagic fever case reports. I had no reason to be doing so, except that a draft manuscript of what was then an upcoming book had passed my way and I was having at it. I noticed that in several of the field cases of either ebola or Marburg, surviving individuals had been given the same drug:

ε-aminocaproic acid

The problem with that observation is that people who received this drug also received lots of others as well. In field emergencies, there is always a tendency to throw the entire formulary at ill individuals in an attempt to treat or cure. This leaves little room for controlled observation and the ability to discern the effects of any single compound.

Still, I thought the idea bore further work and found out that ε-aminocaproic acid, is a derivative and analogue of the amino acid lysine, which makes it an effective inhibitor for proteolytic enzymes like plasmin, the enzyme responsible for fibrinolysis. For this reason it is effective in treatment of certain bleeding disorders.

Marketed as Amicar, this drug is used to control bleeding after surgery, and even has an on-label use in the treatment of Christmas Disease and other clotting or bleeding disorders. So, it is not out of the question that it could help in the treatment of hemorrhagic fevers.

Since my first notice of the potential use of ε-aminocaproic acid for hemorrhagic fever, I’ve been watching the work of a Bulgarian team who have been investigating the impact of the drug on influenza virus replication in vitro and in vivo with good results (albeit in very small trials).

Long story made short, I have mentioned this to more than a dozen people over the years who were either scientists who had worked on hemorrhagic fever issues or who had their hands on the pots of money used to fund this sort of R&D. Nothing has come from any of those conversations – so I’m posting my observation on my blog to get the idea out there for anyone who may be interested.

I’m not sure if there is a treatment for ebola or other hemorrhagic fevers in ε-aminocaproic acid, but if there is, like many interesting ideas out there, it has been hidden in plain sight. (Words by Laura Kelley; Photo of Doctors with Ebola Patient Borrowed from Smithsonian.com)

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The French-Cooking Class

Café de Paris

Café de Paris

Not long ago, I took a French-cooking class. I love food, I thought it would be a fun thing to do, and I wanted to see how the Chef conducted the class. With the threat of a snow storm looming, I trundled out of my own kitchen to the local French restaurant, Café de Paris. Its a lovely place, with a warm, hospitable atmosphere that serves a small menu of great French food. Over the years the the attitude of the menus has varied a bit as have the chefs, but the current offerings are earthy, classic, and wonderfully prepared.

At the helm of the restaurant is Erik Rochard, who left Citronelle in Georgetown to open and manage his own restaurant in the DC-Baltimore suburbs in the 1990s – and we have been patrons since he first opened.  Erik is warm and welcoming and regularly hugs and kisses his customers, but he also is the mastermind behind Café de Paris. “My idea was first to demystify French cooking. Second, it was to create a neighborhood French restaurant, the type found throughout France,” states Erik.

Café de Paris

Café de Paris, Interior

He and his staff have done this and more.  One of the things I love about the restaurant is the homey feel. A few weeks ago, we ate an unrushed lunch – a couple’s day out – that took about 2 hours. The service was great, we were just allowed to relax and enjoy some fabulous food. For the duration of our meal three older men held court at the corner of the bar, sipping drinks, gossiping and waiting for something to happen – just like they do in the small towns in France. Beyond the atmosphere, is the great food. The dishes are memorable.  Sometimes we reminisce over the Escargot a l’ail or one of the wonderful region dishes on the menu like the Cassoulet Toulousain with roasted duck and a lamb sausage served over white beans in a light sauce.  Having enjoyed meals at the restaurant so often, I had to get behind the scenes.

We started with coffee and croissants at the bar – a very civilized way to begin. Lots of people knew each other from previous classes and chatted. Those of us new to the classes introduced ourselves. There were about 20 people in all – a much larger group than I expected. Just as we filed into the kitchen, the snow started to fall – an auspicious sign.

Chopping the veg

Chopping the Veg

The menu for the day was a lobster risotto, a paella, and profiteroles for dessert. On the fly, Chef Laurent Girard added a dish. A starter soup called Sorpa, which unbeknownst to him has Silk Road roots – but that is a story for another day and another blog. Also, with on-the-fly creativity, he decided what sort of paella to make. He changed his mind a few times, but finally settled on a dish featuring rabbit and chicken. He asked questions to see what we knew about food and what we liked, like: “Who has cooked risotto before?” . . . “How did you do it?” The Chefs easy, salt-of-the-earth manner – I’d bet he is from the South of France – made for instant camaraderie in the group. When he had his class sussed, he introduced a few basic concepts, but then put us to work, we now had a four-course meal for 20 to prepare in a couple of hours.

Making Lobster Stock

Making Lobster Stock

Some started to chop vegetables, others beat eggs until they were light and frothy for the profiterole filling, and still others started to remove the lobsters from their shells – a job which is a lot harder to do well when they are raw. With the number of cooks in the prep room, some of the tasks got done very quickly – like chopping the vegetables, and others took a bit longer and were shared because of aching arms – like mixing the flour for the profiteroles.

We bantered as we worked, trading stories. Some of my fellow classmates were discussing the virtues of grits and the Chef asked, “What are grits?” I quickly answered, “Polenta,” which although not absolutely correct, gave him a mental milestone to understand the conversation. I identified a fellow biological scientist by her use of the word, “recombinant”. She was there with her almost adult kids. There was a senior nurse involved in health research, a paralegal and several govvies. What bound us all together was our love of food.

Chef Laurent with Pastry Bag

Chef Laurent with Pastry Bag

As time elapsed, the activity grew more frenetic and scattered between the prep room and the kitchen. The Chef called out directions to us in English, “You, bring this almost to boil and then let it simmer,” Or bellowed to his wife and fellow chef – Anais – in French to get something for him. Speaking of Anais and the other cooks and interns, thanks for helping us out. I know you were there to do the real business of the restaurant – getting the lunch and dinner prepped and cooked for the paying customers – but the class would have run a lot less smoothly without your help.

Butchering the Meat

Butchering the Meat

Chef Laurent really shone as he showed us the proper way to butcher the rabbits and the chicken for the paella. He told us that his grandfather was a butcher and that he grew up in his shop. He said that when he was a boy, he and his whole family expected him to follow in his “grandperes” footsteps. “Bam!” fell the heavy cleaver “Let the weight of the knife do the work for you,” he explained. “Bam! Bam!” again and the coneys were disjointed and chopped into serving pieces Even as a former prosector for the Harvard/MIT anatomy class, I have to say I was impressed by the speed and precision of his work.

Celebrating with Sparkling Wine

Celebrating with Sparkling Wine

I have to say that when Erik broke out the sparkling wine, the class kind of fell apart. People who were not actively engaged in a task kind of drifted into the hallway to share a drink and some conversation – which is fine. Those who wanted to remain engaged, managed to do. In the kitchen, the paella was cooking cooking, the sorpa was simmering, the two types of profiteroles were baking – which made the kitchen smell dreamy – and the risotto was being steadily stirred. Chef Laurent or his wife, were tasting and advising on the completion of the meal.

Baked Pastry for Profiteroles

Baked Pastry for Profiteroles

When the pastry for the profiteroles was done, the class fell all over the savory bites. We popped them in our mouths and let the cheese and herbs melt until only the “sweet” pastries remained. When they had cooled, we began to slice them and prepare the desserts.

Paella with Rabbit, Mussles and Chicken

Paella with Rabbit, Mussles and Chicken

We grated some good, aged parmesan for the risotto and when it was nearly done, added it to the pot. The paella was almost done with the aroma of the roast chicken and rabbit filling the air, and the frantic feeling that had cme before was gone. Perhaps it was the wine or perhaps it was the knowledge that the meal was almost ready, but the mood became relaxed and jovial as we wandered off to the dining room to sample our creations.

Lobster Risotto

Lobster Risotto

All in all it was a great experience. I knew a lot about cooking when I went into the class, and I learned a lot too. Best of all were the little hints, such as dab a bit of pastry dough on the underside of the baking paper to prevent it from moving around during prep. Or cover the profiterole filling with cling-wrap to prevent the formation of a scum layer on the top. The easy way to fill a pastry bag is to drape the bag over a large open can – don’t try to fill it when its floppy and without support. These may seem simple, but knowledge of them can save time and suffering in the kitchen.

Another thing I learned is now relaxed and easy some cooking classes could be. I had imagined each of us with our our work stations like a dolled-up set on TV and the Chef critiqing our technique. No, we were dicing, grating, stirring or chopping in nearly every available space with twenty people in the prep room. Interestingly for me, the change of venue was a world away from how I usually cook. Digging out old recipes or descriptions of dishes from my travels, if necessary doing further researchon them, along with the trial and error of recipe development is mostly a solitary set of tasks. The kitchen at Café de Paris was an intensely social experience and that was very different from what I am used to. I had to control my naturally bossy tendencies and fall back into the crowd which was also a bit challenging as well.  But what I learned is that working with others can be both fun and delicious. (Words by Laura Kelley.  All photos by Jeff Kubina.)

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When Oompa-Loompas Attack

One of my resolutions for the new year was to update this blog more frequently. Well this morning’s headlines make that immediately possible. Instead of greeting and well wishes for the new year, or some profound statement about life the universe and everything else, I am greeting this year with laughter and a sense of the absurd. A troll of the Internet news, this morning found this:

“Police hunt for men dressed as Oompa-Loompas after attack on 28-year-old as he left kebab house.”

Charlie and the Oompa-Loompas

Charlie and the Oompa-Loompas

Briefly, two men dressed as Oompa-Loompas from the film Willy Wonka and the Chocolate Factory are being hunted by police after they allegedly attacked a man on a night out. The pair – who had painted orange faces and dyed green hair and were wearing hooped tops like the characters in the 1971 musical film – are said to have attacked a 28-year-old man as he left a kebab shop in the Prince of Wales Road nightclub area of Norwich, Norfolk.

While the crime is serious and the assault not inherently funny, the fact that it was done by two men dressed as Oompa-loompas is, to me, hilarious.

The Daily Mail goes on to report that, “It is not the first time that Oompa-Loompas  have had a brush with the law. A man dressed as one of the characters was  allegedly involved in a brawl during a fancy dress evening at a Welcome Family  holiday park in Dawlish, Devon, in May 2009.  Other characters involved included a  Spiderman and even Tinky Winky – the largest of the Teletubbies – best known for his size and red handbag.”

What I want to know is whether these people accidentally got into rows while wearing these costumes for a party, or whether they dressed up as these characters to commit these assaults. There is a massive difference in intent and psychological makeup of the perpetrators if the latter is true.

Ahh, humanity!  My mind is racing with images of, “The Oompa-Loompa Robber,” or please forgive me the “Captain Marvel Killer”.  Where is John Waters?  I desperately need to discuss this with him.

So, as you saunter into the New Year, remember to keep smiling.  And if you see someone dressed like an Oompa-loompa, run. (Words by Laura Kelley).

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